Two key issues within the debate around 'technological sovereignty'in the European Union
are (i) access by countries and firms to enabling and emerging technologies and (ii) how …

Publications, patents, standard-essential patents (SEPs), and standard contributions are
important indicators for the drivers in the technology development of 5G. However, current …

Innovative industries need efficient markets for technology (MFTs). One determinant of MFT
efficiency neglected until now is licensing level—that is, the level in the value chain where …

The market for patent licenses, despite its paramount importance for technological
innovation, has various inefficiencies. A particular problem with widely used technical …

Technological sovereignty has gained significant relevance for the geopolitical relations
during the Covid-19 pandemic, initially triggered by the trade conflicts in particular between …

The sharp increase in SEP declarations and declaring firms emphasizes the necessity for
understanding firms' innovation investment behavior in standardization. This paper …

The importance of intellectual property rights in our society is growing. Intellectual property
rights can be found everywhere in today's life and business world. There is hardly any …

In recent years, the relevance of communication technology has steadily been increasing.
This technology is represented by technical standards as a means for faster technology …

Many standard setting organizations (SSOs) require participants to disclose patents that
might be infringed by implementing a proposed standard, and commit to license their …

Abstract The Internet of Things (IoT) relies heavily on wireless communication technologies,
which are covered by thousands of standard-essential patents (SEPs). Numerous …