Inflammasomes are inflammatory signaling complexes that provide molecular platforms to
activate the protease function of inflammatory caspases. Caspases-1,-4,-5, and-11 are …

Microglia and macrophages in the CNS contain multimolecular complexes termed
inflammasomes. Inflammasomes function as intracellular sensors for infectious agents as …

Macrophages mediate crucial innate immune responses via caspase-1-dependent
processing and secretion of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and IL-18. Although infection with wild …

Eukaryotic cells can initiate several distinct programmes of self-destruction, and the nature of
the cell death process (non-inflammatory or proinflammatory) instructs responses of …

The innate immune system relies on its capacity to rapidly detect invading pathogenic
microbes as foreign and to eliminate them. The discovery of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) …

Signalling by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) involves five adaptor proteins known as MyD88,
MAL, TRIF, TRAM and SARM. Recent insights have revealed additional functions for MyD88 …

Viral infection triggers host innate immune responses that result in the production of various
cytokines including type I interferons (IFN), activation of inflammasomes, and programmed …

In macrophages detection of gram-negative bacteria particularly involves binding of the
outer-wall component lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to its cognate receptor complex, comprising …

The interleukin‐1 receptor (IL‐1R)/Toll‐like receptor (TLR) superfamily was first defined in
1998 as a family of proteins that contain the Toll‐IL‐1 receptor domain. At that time, there …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) as well as the receptors for tumor necrosis factor (TNF-R) and
interleukin-1 (IL-1R) play an important role in innate immunity by regulating the activity of …