Conventional electric stimuli of micro-and millisecond duration excite or activate cells at
voltages 10–100 times below the electroporation threshold. This ratio is remarkably different …

Cardiac arrhythmias are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the developed world,
estimated to be responsible for hundreds of thousands of deaths annually. Our …

Intense nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) is a novel modality for cell activation and
nanoelectroporation. Applications of nsPEF in research and therapy are hindered by a high …

We compared membrane permeabilization by nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) in
HEK293 cells with and without assembled CaV1. 3 L-type voltage-gated calcium channel …

Background Myocardial tissue can be ablated by the application nanosecond pulsed fields
(nsPEFs). The applied electric fields irreversibly permeabilize cell membranes and thereby …

Intense electric shocks of nanosecond (ns) duration can become a new modality for more
efficient but safer defibrillation. We extended strength-duration curves for excitation of …

Introduction Opening of voltage‐gated sodium channels takes tens to hundreds of
microseconds, and mechanisms of their opening by nanosecond pulsed electric field …

Exposures to short-duration, strong electric field pulses have been utilized for stimulation,
ablation, and the delivery of molecules into cells. Ultrashort, nanosecond duration pulses …

Background Strong electric shocks are the gold standard for ventricular defibrillation but are
associated with pain and tissue damage. We hypothesized that targeting the excitable gap …

The microstructure, ferroelectric, electric-field breakdown strength, and energy-storage
properties of relaxor Pb 0.9 La 0.1 (Zr 0.52 Ti 0.48) O 3 (PLZT) thin films grown on flexible Ti …