Plant cells store genetic information in the genomes of three organelles: the nucleus, plastid,
and mitochondrion. The nucleus controls most aspects of organelle gene expression …

Chlorophyll (Chl) has unique and essential roles in photosynthetic light-harvesting and
energy transduction, but its biosynthesis, accumulation and degradation is also associated …

Chloroplasts of photosynthetic organisms harness light energy and convert it into chemical
energy. In several land plants, GOLDEN2-LIKE (GLK) transcription factors are required for …

A plastid-derived signal plays an important role in the coordinated expression of both
nuclear-and chloroplast-localized genes that encode photosynthesis-related proteins …

Tetrapyrroles such as chlorophylls and bacteriochlorophylls play a fundamental role in the
energy absorption and transduction activities of photosynthetic organisms. Because of these …

Carotenoids play an important role in many physiological processes in plants and the
phytoene desaturase gene (PDS3) encodes one of the important enzymes in the carotenoid …

Plant cells coordinately regulate the expression of nuclear and plastid genes that encode
components of the photosynthetic apparatus. Nuclear genes that regulate chloroplast …

Chloroplast signals regulate hundreds of nuclear genes during development and in
response to stress, but little is known of the signals or signal transduction mechanisms of …

Higher plants produce four classes of tetrapyrroles, namely, chlorophyll (Chl), heme,
siroheme, and phytochromobilin. In plants, tetrapyrroles play essential roles in a wide range …

The Fourth Edition of the Handbook of Photosynthesis offers a unique and comprehensive
collection of topics in the field of photosynthesis, serving as an invaluable resource in this …