Ischemic stroke is caused primarily by an interruption in cerebral blood flow, which induces
severe neural injuries, and is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide …

The immune system enables organisms to combat infections and to eliminate endogenous
challenges. Immune responses can be evoked through diverse inducible pathways …

Flaviviruses such as dengue (DENV), yellow fever (YFV), West Nile (WNV), and Zika (ZIKV)
are human pathogens of global significance. In particular, DENV causes the most prevalent …

SUMMARY West Nile Virus was introduced into the Western Hemisphere during the late
summer of 1999 and has been causing significant and sometimes severe human diseases …

Although the transcription factors IRF-3 and IRF-7 are considered master regulators of type I
interferon (IFN) induction and IFN stimulated gene (ISG) expression, Irf3−/−× Irf7−/− double …

Although susceptibility of neurons in the brain to microbial infection is a major determinant of
clinical outcome, little is known about the molecular factors governing this vulnerability. Here …

Many studies have been conducted over the last few decades to understand better the
functions of IRF3 and IRF7 in antiviral immune responses. However, the precise underlying …

Innate immune sensing of influenza A virus (IAV) induces activation of various immune
effector mechanisms, including the nucleotide and oligomerization domain, leucine-rich …

Bacteria that inhabit the epithelium of the animals' digestive tract provide the essential
biochemical pathways for fermenting otherwise indigestible dietary fibers, leading to the …

Flaviviruses such as Zika virus and West Nile virus have the potential to cause severe
neuropathology if they invade the central nervous system. The type I interferon response is …