Cilia are microscopic hair-like external cell organelles that are ubiquitously present in
nature, also within the human body. They fulfill crucial biological functions: motile cilia …

Stimuli‐responsive micro‐pillared structures can perform complex and precise tasks at the
microscale through dynamic and reversible deformation of the pillars in response to external …

Biological cilia, hairlike organelles on cell surfaces, often exhibit collective wavelike motion
known as metachrony, which helps generating fluid flow. Inspired by nature, researchers …

Cilia are hair-like organelles, present in arrays that collectively beat to generate flow. Given
their small size and consequent low Reynolds numbers, asymmetric motions are necessary …

Artificial cilia actuators are described as responsive and actuatable cilia‐structured arrays
that are mainly made of flexible polymers. Over the past few decades, researchers have …

The authors have proposed a fabrication process of" 4D printer" for magnetic soft actuators.
In this paper, we applied this 4D printer to bio-mimic field and show some examples using a …

Magnetic actuation has emerged as a prominent method in soft robots due to its charming
advantages on diverse magnetization designs, which heavily rely on the microstructures …

In nature, liquid propulsion in low‐Reynolds‐number regimes is often achieved by arrays of
beating cilia with various forms of motion asymmetry. In particular, spatial asymmetry, where …

Motile cilia can produce net fluid flows at low Reynolds number because of their asymmetric
motion and metachrony of collective beating. Mimicking this with artificial cilia can find …

Recently, many studies on bio-mimic soft robots have been reported. Among living
organisms, the locomotion of soft-bodied creatures, such as snails, worms and nematodes …