Protein and peptide therapeutics require parenteral administration, which can be a deterrent
to medication adherence. For this reason, there have been extensive efforts to develop …

Osteocytes, former osteoblasts encapsulated by mineralized bone matrix, are far from being
passive and metabolically inactive bone cells. Instead, osteocytes are multifunctional and …

The contemporary scientific community has presently recognized flavonoids to be a unique
class of therapeutic molecules due to their diverse therapeutic properties. Of these, rutin …

Osteoporosis is the most prevalent metabolic bone disease that affects half the women in the
sixth and seventh decade of life. Osteoporosis is characterized by uncoupled bone …

An expanding body of research asserts that the gut microbiota has a role in bone
metabolism and the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. This review considers the human gut …

Bone fracture is a very common body injury. The healing process is physiologically complex,
involving both biological and mechanical aspects. Following a fracture, cell migration …

The purpose of this document, a result of the harmonisation and revision of Guidelines
published separately by the SIMFER, SIOMMMS/SIR, and SIOT associations, is to provide …

Osteoblasts, the bone-forming cells of the remodeling unit, are essential for growth and
maintenance of the skeleton. Clinical disorders of substrate availability (eg, diabetes …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with the development of mineral bone disorder
(MBD), osteoporosis, and fragility fractures. Among CKD patients, adynamic bone disease or …

Low bone mass and strength lead to fragility fractures, for example, in elderly individuals
affected by osteoporosis or children with osteogenesis imperfecta. A decade ago, rare …