This review is intended to critically convey information on water magnetization and to
discuss each application that employs magnetic field as an aid in wastewater treatment. The …

Scale deposits in water systems often result in ample technical and economic problems.
Conventional chemical treatments for scale control are expensive and may cause health …

Interactions between nano/microplastics and suspended sediment (SS) in natural waters are
important for the environmental fate of plastic particles. This study investigated the effect of …

In this paper are reported experimental results on the effect of a magnetic field on the
precipitation process of calcium carbonate scale from a hard water. Carbonically pure water …

Effect of permanent magnetic field with north and south faces facing each other (0.16 T) on
calcium carbonate precipitation type (homogeneous and heterogeneous) and solubility …

The main purpose of this work was to investigate the influence of the material of the pipe,
through which scalant water (4mM of CaCO3) was magnetically treated, on the calcium …

One of the most debated effects the magnetic fields exert on aqueous solutions and
dispersions is their influence on the crystal structure of the main scale component, CaCO3 …

Laboratory studies indicate that magnetohydrodynamic effects may be responsible for
claims that magnetic treatment devices are sometimes effective for scale control in water …

Scale deposition on pipe walls is prevalent in water distribution systems and is difficult to
remove. Commonly, chemical treatment is applied to remove the hard scale. However, it is …

This study investigated the effectiveness and mechanisms of electromagnetic field (EMF) on
reverse osmosis (RO) membrane scaling control during brackish groundwater desalination …