The gastrointestinal tract is the only internal organ to have evolved with its own independent
nervous system, known as the enteric nervous system (ENS). This Review provides an …

One of the most transformative developments in neurogastroenterology is the realization that
many functions normally attributed to enteric neurons involve interactions with enteric glial …

The physiological functions of mast cells remain largely an enigma. In the context of barrier
damage, mast cells are integrated in type 2 immunity and, together with immunoglobulin E …

Neural control of the function of visceral organs is essential for homeostasis and health.
Intestinal peristalsis is critical for digestive physiology and host defence, and is often …

The enteric nervous system (ENS) is an extensive network comprising millions of neurons
and glial cells contained within the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. The major functions of …

The gastrointestinal tract is in a state of constant motion. These movements are tightly
regulated by the presence of food and help digestion by mechanically breaking down and …

The enteric nervous system (ENS) of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract interacts with the local
immune system bidirectionally. Recent publications have demonstrated that such …

Enteric glia are a unique population of peripheral neuroglia that regulate homeostasis in the
enteric nervous system (ENS) and intestinal functions. Despite existing in functionally …

Infants and young children receive the highest exposures to antibiotics globally. Although
there is building evidence that early life exposure to antibiotics increases susceptibility to …

During embryonic development, the gut is innervated by intrinsic (enteric) and extrinsic
nerves. Focusing on mammalian ENS development, in this Review we highlight how …