The advent of new technologies has paved the rise of various chemicals that are being
employed in industrial as well as consumer products. This leads to the accumulation of …

Dosimetry modeling and point of departure (POD) estimation using in vitro data are essential
for mechanism-based hazard identification and risk assessment. This study aimed to …

Prolonged exposure to environmental respirable toxicants can lead to the development and
worsening of severe respiratory diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary …

Abstracts Objective: The major active ingredient of humidifier disinfectant,
polyhexamethylene guanidine-phosphate (PHMG-P), caused hundreds of deaths with …

Polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG-p) is an active ingredient of humidifier
disinfectants and causes severe lung injury resulting in pulmonary fibrosis. Current evidence …

Polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG-p), an antimicrobial additive, was used as
a humidifier disinfectant in Korea and caused severe lung injuries, including lung fibrosis, in …

Systemic toxicity, particularly, developmental defects of humidifier disinfectant chemicals that
have caused lung injuries in Korean children, remains to be elucidated. This study …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play novel roles in homeostasis through cell-to-cell
communication in human airways via transferring miRNAs. However, the contribution of EV …

Polyhexamethyleneguanidine phosphate (PHMG-P) is a widely used polymeric
antimicrobial agent known to induce significant pulmonary toxicity. Several studies have …

Humidifier disinfectants have been widely used in Korea to prevent the growth of
microorganisms in humidifier water. However, their use has been banned since 2011 after …