Animals experience varying levels of predation risk as they navigate heterogeneous
landscapes, and behavioral responses to perceived risk can structure ecosystems. The …

Ecological communities face a variety of environmental and anthropogenic stressors acting
simultaneously. Stressor impacts can combine additively or can interact, causing synergistic …

Community ecology aims to understand what factors determine the assembly and dynamics
of species assemblages at different spatiotemporal scales. To facilitate the integration …

Biological communities are shaped by complex interactions between organisms and their
environment as well as interactions with other species. Humans are rapidly changing the …

Over the past decade, advances in both molecular developmental biology and evolutionary
ecology have made possible a new understanding of organisms as dynamic systems …

The metacommunity concept is an important way to think about linkages between different
spatial scales in ecology. Here we review current understanding about this concept. We first …

Trophic cascades—the top-down regulation of ecosystems by predators—are an essential
aspect of ecosystem function and well-being. Trophic cascades are often drastically …

We present a framework for explaining variation in predator invasion success and predator
impacts on native prey that integrates information about predator–prey naïveté, predator and …

In this paper we review the empirical studies documenting trait‐mediated indirect
interactions (TMIIs) in food webs. Basic models and empirical approaches that form the …

Risk effects arise when prey alter their behavior in response to predators, and these
responses carry costs. Empirical studies have found that risk effects can be large …