Background Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an ultra-filtrated colorless brain fluid that circulates
within brain spaces like the ventricular cavities, subarachnoid space, and the spine. Its …

Over the past years, the Xenopus embryo has emerged as an incredibly useful model
organism for studying the formation and function of cilia and ciliated epithelia in vivo. This …

Upon cell cycle exit, centriole-to-basal body transition facilitates cilia formation. The
centriolar protein Cp110 is a regulator of this process and cilia inhibitor, but its positive roles …

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a hereditary genetic disorder caused by the lack of motile
cilia or the assembxly of dysfunctional ones. This rare human disease affects 1 out of 10,000 …

Abstract Model organisms have long been important in biology and medicine due to their
specific characteristics. Amphibians, especially Xenopus, play key roles in answering …

Microtubule remodeling is critical for cellular and developmental processes underlying
morphogenetic changes and for the formation of many subcellular structures. Katanins are …

The Xenopus embryonic epidermis is a powerful model to study mucociliary biology,
development, and disease. Particularly, the Xenopus system is being used to elucidate …

Multiciliated cells (MCCS) form bundles of cilia and their activities are essential for the
proper development and physiology of many organ systems. Not surprisingly, defects in …

Mucus secretion and ciliary motility are hallmarks for muco‐ciliary epithelia (MCE). Both,
mammalian airways as well as the less complex epidermis of Xenopus embryos show cilia …

模式动物是生命科学研究的重要材料, 模式动物的研发和应用极大地推动了生命科学及医学的
发展. 作为脊椎动物中从水生到陆生的过渡类群, 两栖类(尤其是爪蟾) 极大地促进了胚胎学 …