Hermaphrodites combine the male and female sex functions into a single individual, either
sequentially or simultaneously. This simple fact means that they exhibit both similarities and …

The past decade has seen a profound change in the scientific understanding of
reproduction. The traditional view of reproduction as a joint venture undertaken by two …

This book presents a thorough scholarly review of gastropod neurobiology presenting what
is known about identified nerve cells, neural circuits, and behavior. Aplysia has been a …

Publisher Summary The mechanisms of sexual reproduction are expected to be complex
and evolutionarily dynamic in internally fertilizing species, where numerous biochemical …

Background Evolutionary conflicts of interest between the sexes often lead to co-
evolutionary arms races consisting of repeated arisal of traits advantageous for one sex but …

Sex determination is generally seen as an issue of importance for separate‐sexed
organisms; however, when considering other sexual systems, such as hermaphroditism, sex …

Many of the seemingly bizarre animal behaviours can be understood only by acknowledging
the power of sex to shape evolution. A case in point is the so-called love-dart that some …

During courtship, many helicid snails attempt to pierce the body walls of their mating
partners with mucus-coated calcareous darts. The mucus covering the dart induces …

In the final stages of an elaborate courtship, many slugs and snails shoot calcareous
'love'darts into each other. While darts improve the reproductive success of the shooter, by …

There are approximately 20 000 pulmonate gastropod species that are all hermaphroditic
and (with a few exceptions) can act in both (ie, male and female) sexual roles. Life history …