Neuropsychiatric disorders are multifactorial disorders with diverse aetiological factors.
Identifying treatment targets is challenging because the diseases are resulting from …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) afflicts approximately 5% of the world population, and
about 30–50% of patients who receive classical antidepressant medications do not achieve …

Current pharmacological treatments of depression and related disorders suffer from major
problems, such as a low rate of response, slow onset of therapeutic effects, loss of efficacy …

It is known that some antidepressants and antipsychotics directly inhibit NMDA-type
ionotropic glutamate receptors. In this study we systematically studied action of seven drugs …

Abstract Tramadol (Ultram, Ultracet) is a centrally acting synthetic opioid with analgesic
efficacy comparable to codeine. Antinociception is attributed to low but effective affinity for …

BACKGROUND: The tricyclic antidepressant amitriptyline, the serotonin and noradrenaline
reuptake inhibitor duloxetine, and gabapentinoids are first-line drugs for treatment of …

About 30% of major depression disorder patients fail to achieve remission, hence being
diagnosed with treatment-resistant major depression (TRD). Opium had been largely used …

Further elaborating the mechanism of antidepressants, beyond modulation of
monoaminergic neurotransmission, this study sought to elucidate the mechanism of …

This paper is the thirty-third consecutive installment of the annual review of research
concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2010 …

Traditionally prescribed for mood disorders, tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) have shown
promising therapeutic effects on chronic neuralgia and irritable bowel syndrome. However …