Activation and reduction of O2 and H2O2 by synthetic and biosynthetic iron porphyrin
models have proved to be a versatile platform for evaluating second-sphere effects deemed …

Biological membranes are tricky to investigate. They are complex in terms of molecular
composition and structure, functional over a wide range of time scales, and characterized by …

The structure of the dimeric ATP synthase from bovine mitochondria determined in three
rotational states by electron cryo-microscopy provides evidence that the proton uptake from …

Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) deficiency is characterized by a high degree of genetic and
phenotypic heterogeneity, partly reflecting the extreme structural complexity, multiple post …

Abstract Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation (OXPHOS) provides ATP for driving
cellular functions. In plants, OXPHOS takes place in the context of photosynthesis. Indeed …

Heme–copper oxidases (HCO), nitric oxide reductases (NOR), and sulfite reductases (SiR)
catalyze the multi-electron and multi-proton reductions of O2, NO, and SO32−, respectively …

The proton is the smallest atomic particle, and in aqueous solution it is the smallest hydrated
ion, having only two waters in its first hydration shell. In this article we survey key aspects of …

ATP synthesis and thermogenesis are two critical outputs of mitochondrial respiration. How
these outputs are regulated to balance the cellular requirement for energy and heat is …

Understanding how biological systems convert and store energy is a primary purpose of
basic research. However, despite Mitchell's chemiosmotic theory, we are far from the …

The present Review is an attempt by projecting the basic knowledge on photochemical
proton transfer to achieve consistent understanding of proton motions in biocatalysis …