Manipulability theories of causation, according to which causes are to be regarded as
handles or devices for manipulating effects, have considerable intuitive appeal and are …

Recent work on interpretability in machine learning and AI has focused on the building of
simplified models that approximate the true criteria used to make decisions. These models …

Written by one of the preeminent researchers in the field, this book provides a
comprehensive exposition of modern analysis of causation. It shows how causality has …

What do biologists want? If, unlike their counterparts in physics, biologists are generally
wary of a grand, overarching theory, at what kinds of explanation do biologists aim? How will …

Mumford outlines a major new theory of natural laws. His book begins with the question of
whether there are any genuinely law-like phenomena in nature. The discussion addresses …

To improve upon their current knowledge, learners must be able to generate informative
data and accurately evaluate this evidence. However, there is substantial disagreement …

What is the nature of causation? How is causation linked with explanation? And can there
be an adequate theory of explanation? These questions and many others are addressed in …

Philosophy of Experimental Biology explores some central philosophical issues concerning
scientific research in experimental biology, including genetics, biochemistry, molecular …

This essay explains what the Causal Markov Condition says and defends the condition from
the many criticisms that have been launched against it. Although we are skeptical about …

What is the correct concept behind measures of inflation? Does money cause business
activity or is it the other way around? Shall we stimulate growth by raising aggregate …