Compared to general education, vocational education and training (VET) has been shown to
facilitate young people's integration into the labour market. At the same time, research …

Research in the social sciences has focused extensively on the relationship between family
background, educational attainment and social destination, on the one hand, and on the …

Comparing scale scores across groups or time requires the assumption of measurement
invariance. In order to still facilitate comparisons when measurement invariance does not …

In most industrialized societies, around 10–15% of adults are only able to read at basic
levels, a phenomenon commonly termed 'low literacy'. This study addresses two questions …

The international PIAAC survey (Programme for the International Assessment of Adult
Competencies) is part of a large-scale undertaking of the Organisation for Economic …

Digital technologies can help Portugal to address economic challenges, including low
productivity growth and to mitigate the negative impact of the COVID-19 crisis. Despite …

• Abstract There is extensive literature focussed either on the relationship between family
background and education attainment and later social destination, or on the process of skills …