Superoxide, O2•−, is formed in all living organisms that come in contact with air, and,
depending upon its biological context, it may act as a signaling agent, a toxic species, or a …

Abstract Thioredoxins (Trxs), glutaredoxins (Grxs), and peroxiredoxins (Prxs) have been
characterized as electron donors, guards of the intracellular redox state, and “antioxidants” …

A common need for microbial cells is the ability to respond to potentially toxic environmental
insults. Here we review the progress in understanding the response of the yeast …

Saccharomyces cerevisiae has directly or indirectly contributed to the identification of
arguably more mammalian genes that affect aging than any other model organism. Aging in …

Mutations in growth signaling pathways extend life span, as well as protect against age-
dependent DNA damage in yeast and decrease insulin resistance and cancer in mice. To …

Abstract The Free Radical Theory of Ageing, was first proposed by Denham Harman in the
mid-1950's, based largely on work conducted by Rebeca Gerschman and Daniel Gilbert. At …

Since its description by Charcot more than 130 years ago, the mechanism underlying the
characteristic selective degeneration and death of motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral …

The early observations on the rate-of-living theory by Max Rubner and the report by
Gershman that oxygen free radicals exist in vivo culminated in the seminal proposal in the …

Chronological life span (CLS) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, defined as the time cells in a
stationary phase culture remain viable, has been proposed as a model for the aging of post …

Cell-cycle transitions in higher eukaryotes are regulated by different cyclin-dependent
kinases (CDKs) and their activating cyclin subunits. Based on pioneering findings that a …