Communities of microorganisms form thin coats across solid surfaces in the sea. Larvae of
many marine invertebrates use biofilm components as cues to appropriate settlement sites …

The programmed cell death (PCD) of developing cells is considered an essential adaptive
process that evolved to serve diverse roles. We review the putative adaptive functions of …

Molluscs comprise the second largest phylum of animals (after arthropods), occurring in
virtually all habitats. Some are commercially important, a few are pests and some carry …

Programmed cell death leading to apoptosis is essential for normal development and
homeostasis in plants and throughout the animal kingdom. Although there are differences in …

Biogenic monoamines (catecholamines, indoleamines and histamine) are evolutionary old
and important modulators of long-lasting changes in the functional state of cells. They are …

We report the spatial expression patterns of five anterior Hox genes during larval
development of the gastropod mollusc Haliotis asinina, an unsegmented spiralian …

Metamorphosis in many animal groups involves a radical transition from a larval to a
juvenile/adult body plan and the challenge of orchestrating 2 overlapping developmental …

This investigation provides a light and electron microscopic examination of the development
of serotonin‐like immunoreactivity and structure of the apical sensory organ (ASO) in …

Chitons are the most primitive molluscs and, thus, a matter of considerable interest for
understanding both basic principles of molluscan neurogenesis and phylogeny. The …

Despite several unquestionably homologous characters with Annelida, the Echiura have
generally been considered to form a distinct taxon due to apparent lack of segmentation …