The liver is a central regulator of metabolism, and liver failure thus constitutes a major health
burden. Understanding how this complex organ develops during embryogenesis will yield …

The digestive system comprises numerous cells, tissues and organs that are essential for
the proper assimilation of nutrients and energy. Many aspects of digestive organ function are …

Digestive system development is orchestrated by combinatorial signaling interactions
between endoderm and mesoderm, but how these signals are interpreted in the genome is …

Bone morphogenetic proteins 4 and 7 (BMP4 and BMP7) are morphogens that signal as
either homodimers or heterodimers to regulate embryonic development and adult …

Abstract Xenbase (http://www. xenbase. org) is a model organism database that provides
genomic, molecular, cellular and developmental biology content to biomedical researchers …

Inductive interactions mediated by the TGF-β and FGF–MAPK pathways are essential for
specification of the germ layers and embryonic body axes during early vertebrate …

Background FGF signaling plays numerous roles during organogenesis of the embryonic
gut tube. Mouse explant studies suggest that different thresholds of FGF signaling from the …

Temporally and spatially dynamic Wnt and BMP signals are essential to pattern foregut
endoderm progenitors that give rise to the liver, pancreas and lungs, but how these two …

Internal organs exhibit left-right asymmetric sizes, shapes and anatomical positions, but how
these different lateralities develop is poorly understood. Here we use the experimentally …

Diseases affecting endodermal organs like the pancreas, lung, and gastrointestinal tract
have a substantial impact on human welfare. Since many of these are congenital defects …