Plants have many, highly variable resistance (R) gene loci, which provide resistance to a
variety of pathogens. The first R gene to be cloned, maize (Zea mays) Hm1, was published …

Plants possess large arsenals of immune receptors capable of recognizing all pathogen
classes. To cause disease, pathogenic organisms must be able to overcome physical …

Phytophthora species are notorious pathogens of several economically important crop
plants. Several general elicitors, commonly referred to as Pathogen-Associated Molecular …

Background Plants deploy immune receptors to detect pathogen-derived molecules and
initiate defense responses. Intracellular plant immune receptors called nucleotide-binding …

Live-cell imaging assisted by fluorescent markers has been fundamental to understanding
the focused secretory'warfare'that occurs between plants and biotrophic pathogens that feed …

Quantitative resistance (QR) refers to a resistance that is phenotypically incomplete and is
based on the joined effect of several genes, each contributing quantitatively to the level of …

The symbiotic association between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is almost
ubiquitous within the plant kingdom [1], and the early stages of the association are controlled …

Filamentous pathogens, including fungi and oomycetes, pose major threats to global food
security. Crop pathogens cause damage by secreting effectors that manipulate the host to …

The citrus industry is facing an unprecedented challenge from Huanglongbing (HLB). All
cultivars can be affected by the HLB-associated bacterium 'Candidatus Liberibacter …

Upon host penetration, fungal pathogens secrete a plethora of effectors to promote disease,
including proteases that degrade plant antimicrobial proteins, and protease inhibitors (PIs) …