Although photodynamic therapy (PDT) has promising advantages in almost non‐invasion,
low drug resistance, and low dark toxicity, it still suffers from limitations in the lipophilic …

The ultimate goal of drug delivery is to increase the bioavailability and reduce the toxic side
effects of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) by releasing them at a specific site of …

Many photoresponsive dyes have been utilized as imaging and photodynamic/photothermal
therapy agents. Indocyanine green (ICG) is the only near-infrared region (NIR) organic dye …

Nanoemulsion, or nanoscaled-size emulsions, is a thermodynamically stable system formed
by blending two immiscible liquids, blended with an emulsifying agent to produce a single …

The multidisciplinary field of photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a combination of
photochemistry and photophysics sciences, which has shown tremendous potential for …

Multifunctional near-infrared (NIR) nanoparticles demonstrate great potential in tumor
theranostic applications. To achieve the sensitive detection and effective phototherapy in the …

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is already being used in the treatment of many cancers. This
review examines its components and the new developments in our understanding of its …

Background Breast cancer is the main cause of mortality among women. The disease
presents high recurrence mainly due to incomplete efficacy of primary treatment in killing all …

Indocyanine green (ICG) is a cyanine compound that displays fluorescent properties in the
near infrared region. This dye is employed for numerous indications but nowadays its major …

Engineered nanomaterials that produce reactive oxygen species on exposure to X‐and
gamma‐rays used in radiation therapy offer promise of novel cancer treatment strategies …