Abstract Background and Purpose: Urinary stones> 2 cm are traditionally managed with
percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Recently, flexible ureteroscopy and laser …

Flexible ureteroscopy (URS) is increasingly being used as the first-line treatment for patients
with renal stones. Despite this increase in use, substantial variations exist in the reported …

Purpose: The safety of using a ureteral access sheath during retrograde intrarenal surgery
remains controversial. Using a novel classification, we prospectively evaluated the …

Study Type–Therapy (case control) Level of Evidence 3b What's known on the subject? and
What does the study add? Recently European Association of Urology 2011 guidelines on …

Abstract Background and Purpose: Percutaneous nephrostolithotomy (PCNL) is the current
standard of care for management of large renal stones (> 2 cm). Recent studies have …

Background An improved armamentarium has had a significant impact on the emerging role
of flexible ureteroscopy (FURS) for the management of nephrolithiasis; however, FURS still …

Purpose: To compare the outcomes of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and
retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) for 15 to 20 mm lower-pole (LP) renal calculi by …

Background Thanks to advancements in the endoscopic armamentarium, flexible
ureteroscopy (fURS) has become a viable and attractive option for the treatment of renal …

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prognostic factors associated with the treatment efficacy of
retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) and develop a scoring system for predicting the stone …

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the impact of pelvicaliceal anatomy on the success of retrograde
intrarenal surgery (RIRS) for lower pole renal stones and determine which of these factors …