Adult stem cells that are tightly regulated by the specific microenvironment, or the stem cell
niche, function to maintain tissue homeostasis and regeneration after damage. This …

The NR superfamily comprises 48 transcription factors in humans that control a plethora of
gene network programs involved in a wide range of physiologic processes. This review will …

Wnt is a major signaling pathway involved in multifaceted roles of various biological
processes. Bones are dynamic tissues which are able to remodel and maintain the tissue …

Neurological heterotopic ossification (NHO) involves the formation of bone in soft tissue
following a neurological condition, of which the most common are brain and spinal cord …

Osteoporosis, a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus, is characterized by a reduction in
bone mass, destruction of bone microarchitecture, decreased bone strength, and increased …

Evolutionary novelties—derived traits without clear homology found in the ancestors of a
lineage—may promote ecological specialization and facilitate adaptive radiations. Examples …

Hematopoiesis is extrinsically controlled by cells of the bone marrow microenvironment,
including skeletal lineage cells. The identification and subsequent studies of distinct …

The krüppel-like factor (KLF) family is a group of zinc finger transcription factors and
contributes to different cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, migration, and …

Pharmacological dosing of all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) controls adiposity in rodents by
inhibiting adipogenesis and inducing fatty acid oxidation. Retinol dehydrogenases (Rdh) …

The skull bones are formed by osteoblasts by intramembranous ossification. WNT signaling
is a regulator of bone formation. Retinoic Acid (RA) act as a teratogen affecting craniofacial …