Observation‐based and modeling studies have identified the Eastern Mediterranean and
Middle East (EMME) region as a prominent climate change hotspot. While several initiatives …

Disastrous floods have caused millions of fatalities in the twentieth century, tens of billions of
dollars of direct economic loss each year and serious disruption to global trade. In this …

2 Chapter 2 assesses observed large-scale changes in climate system drivers, key climate
indicators and 3 principal modes of variability. Chapter 3 considers model performance and …

In late June 2021 a heatwave of unprecedented magnitude impacted the Pacific Northwest
region of Canada and the United States. Many locations broke all-time maximum …

Caption: Table A. 11. 2. Synthesis table summarising assessments presented in Tables 11.4-
11.21 for hot extremes (HOT EXT.), heavy precipitation (HEAVY PRECIP.), agriculture and …

Arctic amplification (AA)—referring to the enhancement of near-surface air temperature
change over the Arctic relative to lower latitudes—is a prominent feature of climate change …

Warming amplification over the Arctic Pole (AP hereafter) and Third Pole (Tibetan Plateau,
TP hereafter) can trigger a series of climate responses and have global consequences …

The Arctic has warmed more than twice as fast as the global average since the late twentieth
century, a phenomenon known as Arctic amplification (AA). Recently, there have been …

Climate extremes threaten human health, economic stability, and the well-being of natural
and built environments (eg, 2003 European heat wave). As the world continues to warm …

Since the spring 2018, a large part of Europe has been in the midst of a record-setting
drought. Using long-term observations, we demonstrate that the occurrence of the 2018 …