Impurity doping is a promising method to impart new properties to various materials. Due to
their unique optical, magnetic, and electrical properties, rare-earth ions have been …

Among luminescent nanostructures actively investigated in the last couple of decades, rare
earth (RE3+) doped nanoparticles (RENPs) are some of the most reported family of …

The recent advances of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have made them the ideal
“partner” for a variety of biological applications. In this review, we describe the emerging …

The emergence of near-infrared-II (NIR-II) activated photomedicines has extended the
penetration depth for noninvasive theranostics, especially for photothermal nanomedicines …

Rare-earth (RE) doped nanoparticles show unique features of photon conversion from an
incident wavelength to a more suitable wavelength at an intended biological site, thus …

Light‐based technique, including optical imaging and photoregulation, has become one of
the most important tools for both fundamental research and clinical practice, such as cell …

Nonlinear photon conversion is a fundamental physical process that lies on the basis of
many modern disciplines, from bioimaging and theranostics in nanomedicine to material …

Ion channels are transmembrane proteins ubiquitously expressed in all cells that control
various ions (eg Na+, K+, Ca 2+ and Cl-etc) crossing cellular plasma membrane, which play …

Brain stimulation is a critical technique in neuroscience research and clinical application.
Traditional transcranial brain stimulation techniques, such as transcranial magnetic …

Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have attracted considerable attention owing to their
unique photophysical properties. Their utilization in biomedical applications depends on the …