Raman spectroscopy has developed into a leading tool for characterizing organic materials
based on their rotational and vibrational spectral signatures. This article summarises …

sp 2 hybridized carbons constitute a broad class of solid phases composed primarily of
elemental carbon and can be either synthetic or naturally occurring. Some examples are …

Efficient and low-cost transition metal single-atom catalysts (TMSACs) for hydrogen
evolution reaction (HER) have been recognized as research hotspots recently with …

Carbon-based nanomaterials have emerged as a subject of enormous scientific attention
due to their outstanding mechanical, electrical and thermal properties. Incorporated in a …

Amorphous carbon (AC) is present in the bulk and on the surface of nanostructured carbon
materials (NCMs) and exerts a significant effect on the physical, chemical and mechanical …

As long as the carbon family materials are pristine, powerful methods for their individual
characterization have been established and well understood. However, as soon as these …

Raman spectroscopy is here shown to provide a powerful tool to differentiate between two
different sp2 carbon nanostructures (carbon nanotubes and graphene) which have many …

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are known as nano-architectured allotropes of carbon, having
graphene sheets that are wrapped forming a cylindrical shape. Rolling of graphene sheets …

During the past 20 years, multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have become an important
industrial material. Hundreds of tons are produced each year. This review is a survey of the …

Fluorescent carbon nanomaterials have broadly useful chemical and photophysical
attributes that are conducive to applications in biology. In this review, we focus on materials …