Synthetic cannabinoids: epidemiology, pharmacodynamics, and clinical implications

MS Castaneto, DA Gorelick, NA Desrosiers… - Drug and alcohol …, 2014 - Elsevier
Background Synthetic cannabinoids (SC) are a heterogeneous group of compounds
developed to probe the endogenous cannabinoid system or as potential therapeutics …

Potential mechanisms underlying the deleterious effects of synthetic cannabinoids found in spice/K2 products

BS Basavarajappa, S Subbanna - Brain Sciences, 2019 - mdpi.com
The chief psychoactive constituent of many bioactive phytocannabinoids (Δ9-
tetrahydrocannabinol, Δ9-THC) found in hemp, cannabis or marijuana plants are …

Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol acts as a partial agonist/antagonist in mice

CA Paronis, SP Nikas, VG Shukla… - Behavioural …, 2012 - journals.lww.com
Abstract Δ 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) has been characterized as a partial agonist at
cannabinoid CB1 receptors in vitro; however, it often produces the same maximum effects in …

The synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of adamantane-derived indoles: cannabimimetic drugs of abuse

SD Banister, SM Wilkinson, M Longworth… - ACS chemical …, 2013 - ACS Publications
Two novel adamantane derivatives, adamantan-1-yl (1-pentyl-1 H-indol-3-yl) methanone
(AB-001) and N-(adamtan-1-yl)-1-pentyl-1 H-indole-3-carboxamide (SDB-001), were …

Inhalation exposure to smoke from synthetic “marijuana” produces potent cannabimimetic effects in mice

JM Wiebelhaus, JL Poklis, A Poklis, RE Vann… - Drug and alcohol …, 2012 - Elsevier
BACKGROUND: Use of synthetic “marijuana” has increased in recent years, produced
adverse effects and prompted the temporary DEA ban of five specific cannabinoid analogs …

Effects of cannabinoid agonists and antagonists in male rats discriminating the synthetic cannabinoid AM2201

D AlKhelb, EL Burke, A Zvonok… - European Journal of …, 2023 - Elsevier
The synthetic forms of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 9-THC), dronabinol or nabilone, have
been approved to treat several indications. However, due to safety concerns their clinical …

Altered sleep during spontaneous cannabinoid withdrawal in male mice

G Missig, N Mehta, JO Robbins, CH Good… - Behavioural …, 2022 - journals.lww.com
Cessation of cannabinoid use in humans often leads to a withdrawal state that includes
sleep disruption. Despite important health implications, little is known about how …

Cannabinoid discrimination and antagonism by CB1 neutral and inverse agonist antagonists

BD Kangas, MS Delatte, VK Vemuri, GA Thakur… - … of Pharmacology and …, 2013 - ASPET
Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) inverse agonists (eg, rimonabant) have been reported to
produce adverse effects including nausea, emesis, and anhedonia that limit their clinical …

A critical assessment of the abuse, dependence and associated safety risks of naturally occurring and synthetic cannabinoids

DJ Heal, J Gosden, SL Smith - Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2024 - frontiersin.org
Various countries and US States have legalized cannabis, and the use of the psychoactive1
and non-psychoactive cannabinoids is steadily increasing. In this review, we have collated …

Differentiation between low- and high-efficacy CB1 receptor agonists using a drug discrimination protocol for rats

TUC Järbe, BJ LeMay, A Halikhedkar, JA Wood… - …, 2014 - Springer
Rationale The “subjective high” from marijuana ingestion is likely due to Δ 9-
tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) activating the central cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB 1 R) of …