Cytokines have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs),
such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, where they control multiple aspects of the …

Allergy is a major public health problem with a high socio‐economic impact. The number of
allergic patients is expected to reach to four billion within two decades when the World's …

Tissue-resident memory T (Trm) cells permanently localize to portals of pathogen entry,
where they provide immediate protection against reinfection. To enforce tissue retention …

Chronic infections strain the regenerative capacity of antiviral T lymphocyte populations,
leading to failure in long-term immunity. The cellular and molecular events controlling this …

Substantial progress in understanding mechanisms of immune regulation in allergy, asthma,
autoimmune diseases, tumors, organ transplantation and chronic infections has led to a …

Invariant natural killer T cells (i NKT cells) can produce copious amounts of interleukin 4 (IL-
4) early during infection. However, indirect evidence suggests they may produce this …

Pre-metastatic niche formation is critical for the colonization of disseminated cancer cells in
distant organs. Here we find that lung mesenchymal stromal cells (LMSCs) at pre-metastatic …

CD4 T cells play critical roles in mediating adaptive immunity to a variety of pathogens. They
are also involved in autoimmunity, asthma, and allergic responses as well as in tumor …

Inborn errors of human interferon gamma (IFN-γ) immunity underlie mycobacterial disease.
We report a patient with mycobacterial disease due to inherited deficiency of the …

Abstract In 1986, Mosmann and Coffman identified 2 subsets of activated CD4 T cells, Th1
and Th2 cells, which differed from each other in their pattern of cytokine production and their …