Microglia are emerging as critical regulators of neuronal function and behavior in nearly
every area of neuroscience. Initial reports focused on classical immune functions of …

Cytokines are key messengers by which immune cells communicate, and they drive many
physiological processes, including immune and inflammatory responses. Early discoveries …

Microglia are ramified cells that exhibit highly motile processes, which continuously survey
the brain parenchyma and react to any insult to the CNS homeostasis. Although microglia …

The functional contribution of microglia to normal brain development, healthy brain function,
and neurological disorders is increasingly recognized. However, until recently, the nature of …

Neuronal communication underlies all brain activity and the genesis of complex behavior.
Emerging research has revealed an unexpected role for immune molecules in the …

Epilepsy is characterized by recurrent spontaneous seizures due to hyperexcitability and
hypersynchrony of brain neurons. Current theories of pathophysiology stress neuronal …

The continuous crosstalk between microglia and neurons is required for microglia
housekeeping functions and contributes to brain homeostasis. Through these exchanges …

Accumulative evidence indicates that microglial cells influence the normal development of
brain synapses. Yet, the mechanisms by which these immune cells target maturating …

An essential aspect of normal brain function is the bidirectional interaction and
communication between neurons and neighbouring glial cells. To this end, the brain has …

Neural circuits are constantly monitored and supported by the surrounding microglial cells,
using finely tuned mechanisms which include both direct contact and release of soluble …