Background: The vertebral artery originates from the subclavian artery and is divided into
four segments. The aim of this study is to investigate the anatomical variations in the course …

Study Design. The aim of this study is to characterize the anatomy of vertebral arteries using
magnetic resonance imaging scans of 250 consecutive patients. Objectives. To document …

(1) Background. The anatomical variations of the vertebral arteries (VAs) have a significant
impact both in neurosurgery and forensic pathology. The purpose of this study was to …

Background Iatrogenic vertebral artery injury (VAI) during anterior cervical surgery is rare but
potentially catastrophic. Methods Causes, presentation, diagnosis, management, prognosis …

Reconstruction of the highly unstable, anteriorly decompressed cervical spine poses
biomechanical challenges to current stabilization strategies, including circumferential …

Study Design: A multicenter retrospective case series was compiled involving 21 medical
institutions. Inclusion criteria included patients who underwent cervical spine surgery …

To investigated morphological variability of vertebral artery (VA) origin and its entrance level
into cervical transverse foramina by computed tomography angiography (CTA). To …

The course of the vertebral artery from its subclavian artery origin up to its termination at the
vertebrobasilar junction is divided into four segments (V1–V4). This segmentation, based on …

Background: Robotic-assisted and computer-assisted navigation (CAN) systems utilization
has been rapidly increasing in recent years. Most existing data using these systems are …

Background Iatrogenic vascular injury is an uncommon complication of anterior and/or
posterior surgical approaches to the cervical spine. Although the results of this injury may be …