The formation of microbial biofilms enables single planktonic cells to assume a multicellular
mode of growth. During dispersion, the final step of the biofilm life cycle, single cells egress …

The negative consequences of biofilms are widely reported. A defining feature of biofilms is
the extracellular matrix, a complex mixture of biomacromolecules, termed EPS, which …

Bacterial biofilms are associated with a wide range of infections, from those related to
exogenous devices, such as catheters or prosthetic joints, to chronic tissue infections such …

Biofilm formation constitutes an alternative lifestyle in which microorganisms adopt a
multicellular behavior that facilitates and/or prolongs survival in diverse environmental …

The Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii has gain notoriety in
recent decades, primarily due to its propensity to cause nosocomial infections in critically ill …

The capacity to release genetic material into the extracellular medium has been reported in
cultures of numerous species of bacteria, archaea, and fungi, and also in the context of …

P. aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogenic bacterium responsible for both acute and
chronic infections. Beyond its natural resistance to many drugs, its ability to form biofilm, a …

The microorganisms in biofilms live in a self-produced matrix of hydrated extracellular
polymeric substances (EPS) that form their immediate environment. EPS are mainly …

The role of bacterial surface components in combination with bacterial functional signals in
the process of biofilm formation has been increasingly studied in recent years. Plants …

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an emerging multidrug-resistant global opportunistic
pathogen. The increasing incidence of nosocomial and community-acquired S. maltophilia …