Digital twins have recently emerged in healthcare. They combine advances in cyber–
physical systems, modelling and computation techniques, and enable a bidirectional flow of …

Computational models of the heart are now being used to assess the effectiveness and
feasibility of interventions through in-silico clinical trials (ISCTs). As the adoption and …

Background There is on-going controversy regarding the potential for increased respiratory
effort to generate patient self-inflicted lung injury (P-SILI) in spontaneously breathing …

Background: Pneumoperitoneum for laparoscopic surgery is associated with a rise of driving
pressure. The authors aimed to assess the effects of positive end-expiratory pressure …

Background Recent analyses of patient data in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
showed that a lower ventilator driving pressure was associated with reduced relative risk of …

Advances in perinatal management have led to improvements in survival rates for premature
infants. It is known that the transitional period soon after birth, and the subsequent weeks …

Objectives: Open lung ventilation with a recruitment maneuver could be beneficial for acute
respiratory distress syndrome patients. However, the increased airway pressures resulting …

Objectives: Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 acute respiratory distress syndrome
appear to present with at least two distinct phenotypes: severe hypoxemia with relatively …

Hemodynamic changes accompanying the initial breaths at the time of birth are especially
important for a smooth transition of fetal to neonatal circulation. Understanding the normal …

Background Primary blast lung injury (PBLI) presents as a syndrome of respiratory distress
and haemoptysis resulting from explosive shock wave exposure and is a frequent cause of …