2 Chapter 2 assesses observed large-scale changes in climate system drivers, key climate
indicators and 3 principal modes of variability. Chapter 3 considers model performance and …

Since the 1970s, till geochemical and indicator mineral methods for mineral exploration,
provenance studies and environmental research in glaciated terrain have been developed …

This Review quantitatively and qualitatively describes 10 representative Baffin Island fjords
chosen to explore the nature of a glaciation in delivering sediment to a fjord, with focus on …

Arctic regions support a wide variety of freshwater ecosystems. These naturally oligotrophic
and cold‐water streams, rivers, ponds and lakes are currently being impacted by a diverse …

The risk of aquatic invasions in the Arctic is expected to increase with climate warming,
greater shipping activity and resource exploitation in the region. Planktonic and benthic …

Polar regions provide an ideal environment to investigate the succession of bacterial
communities. In the present study, we investigated the bacterial diversity and community …

Arctic land ice is melting, sea ice is decreasing, and permafrost is thawing. Changes in these
Arctic elements are interconnected, and most interactions accelerate the rate of change. The …

Land-terminating glaciers are retreating globally, resulting in the expansion of the ice-free
glacier forelands (GFs). These GFs act as a natural laboratory to study microbial community …

The Snowball Earth hypothesis predicts global ice cover; however, previous descriptions of
Cryogenian (720-635 Ma) glacial deposits are limited to continental margins and shallow …

Three long cores from Flemish Cap and Orphan Knoll, offshore southeastern Canada,
contain discrete units of detrital carbonates that are coeval with Hudson Strait Heinrich (HS …