In eukaryotes, the translation initiation codon is generally identified by the scanning
mechanism, wherein every triplet in the messenger RNA leader is inspected for …

Initiation of translation on eukaryotic mRNAs generally follows the scanning mechanism,
wherein a preinitiation complex (PIC) assembled on the small (40S) ribosomal subunit and …

During eukaryotic translation initiation, 43S complexes, comprising a 40S ribosomal subunit,
initiator transfer RNA and initiation factors (eIF) 2, 3, 1 and 1A, attach to the 5′-terminal …

Ubiquitination is a crucial cellular signalling process, and is controlled on multiple levels.
Cullin–RING E3 ubiquitin ligases (CRLs) are regulated by the eight-subunit COP9 …

Eukaryotic translation initiation requires the recruitment of the large, multiprotein eIF3
complex to the 40S ribosomal subunit. We present X-ray structures of all major components …

Protein synthesis is a fundamental process in gene expression that depends upon the
abundance and accessibility of the mRNA transcript as well as the activity of many protein …

Protein synthesis is mediated via numerous molecules including the ribosome, mRNA,
tRNAs, as well as translation initiation, elongation and release factors. Some of these factors …

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and classical swine fever virus (CSFV) messenger RNAs contain
related (HCV-like) internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs) that promote 5′-end independent …

The ATP-dependent degradation of polyubiquitylated proteins by the 26S proteasome is
essential for the maintenance of proteome stability and the regulation of a plethora of …

The eukaryotic initiation factor 3 (eIF3) is one of the most complex translation initiation
factors in mammalian cells, consisting of several subunits (eIF3a to eIF3m). It is crucial in …