Background Acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure (AHRF) and mostly acute respiratory
distress syndrome (ARDS) are critical conditions. AHRF results from several systemic …

The transition from a fetus to a newborn is the most complex physiologic adaptation that
occurs in human experience. Before medicalization of delivery, the transition had to occur …

Pulmonary hypertension is associated with diverse cardiac, pulmonary, and systemic
diseases in neonates, infants, and older children and contributes to significant morbidity and …

Rationale: Recent pediatric studies suggest a survival benefit exists for higher-volume
extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) centers. Objectives: To determine if higher …

The superfamily of cyclic nucleotide (cN) phosphodiesterases (PDEs) is comprised of 11
families of enzymes. PDEs break down cAMP and/or cGMP and are major determinants of …

Context Theory and simulation suggest that randomized controlled trials (RCTs) stopped
early for benefit (truncated RCTs) systematically overestimate treatment effects for the …

Importance The association between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
antidepressant use during pregnancy and risk of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the …

Background Nitric oxide (NO) is a major endogenous regulator of vascular tone. Inhaled
nitric oxide (iNO) gas has been investigated as treatment for persistent pulmonary …

Pulmonary hypertension remained an unexplained intractable disease with poor prognosis.
In the last 2 decades, however, the diagnosis and treatment methods for this disease …

Level of Evidence A Data derived from multiple randomised clinical trials or meta-analyses
Level of Evidence B Data derived from a single randomised clinical trial or large non …