Metabolism, including glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation, and other
metabolic pathways, impacts the phenotypes and functions of immune cells. The metabolic …

Information processing imposes urgent metabolic demands on neurons, which have
negligible energy stores and restricted access to fuel. Here, we discuss metabolic …

Brain computation performed by billions of nerve cells relies on a sufficient and
uninterrupted nutrient and oxygen supply,. Astrocytes, the ubiquitous glial neighbours of …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been the leading cause of death for many decades,
highlighting the importance of new research and treatments in the field. The role of hypoxia …

Classically considered a by-product of anaerobic metabolism, lactate is now viewed as a
fundamental fuel for oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria, and preferred over glucose …

Background Cerebral glucose hypometabolism is consistently observed in individuals with
Alzheimer's disease (AD), as well as in young cognitively normal carriers of the Ε4 allele of …

Research over the last couple of decades has provided novel insights into lactate
neurobiology and the implications of lactate transport-driven neuroenergetics in health and …

Astrocytes control brain activity via both metabolic processes and gliotransmission, but the
physiological links between these functions are scantly known. Here we show that …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS; eg., superoxide [O2•−] and hydrogen peroxide [H2O2]) and
reactive nitrogen species (RNS; eg., nitric oxide [NO•]) at the physiological level function as …

The energy cost of information processing is thought to be chiefly neuronal, with a minor
fraction attributed to glial cells. However, there is compelling evidence that astrocytes …