Shedding light on biological sex differences and microbiota–gut–brain axis: a comprehensive review of its roles in neuropsychiatric disorders

P Shobeiri, A Kalantari, AL Teixeira, N Rezaei - Biology of sex differences, 2022 - Springer
Women and men are suggested to have differences in vulnerability to neuropsychiatric
disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) …

High-fat diet-induced obesity in animal models

N Hariri, L Thibault - Nutrition research reviews, 2010 - cambridge.org
Epidemiological studies have shown a positive relationship between dietary fat intake and
obesity. Since rats and mice show a similar relationship, they are considered an appropriate …

Biology's response to dieting: the impetus for weight regain

PS MacLean, A Bergouignan… - American Journal …, 2011 - journals.physiology.org
Dieting is the most common approach to losing weight for the majority of obese and
overweight individuals. Restricting intake leads to weight loss in the short term, but, by itself …

Insulin enhances striatal dopamine release by activating cholinergic interneurons and thereby signals reward

MA Stouffer, CA Woods, JC Patel, CR Lee… - Nature …, 2015 - nature.com
Insulin activates insulin receptors (InsRs) in the hypothalamus to signal satiety after a meal.
However, the rising incidence of obesity, which results in chronically elevated insulin levels …

The role for adipose tissue in weight regain after weight loss

PS MacLean, JA Higgins, ED Giles, VD Sherk… - Obesity …, 2015 - Wiley Online Library
Weight regain after weight loss is a substantial challenge in obesity therapeutics. Dieting
leads to significant adaptations in the homeostatic system that controls body weight, which …

Synaptic input organization of the melanocortin system predicts diet-induced hypothalamic reactive gliosis and obesity

TL Horvath, B Sarman… - Proceedings of the …, 2010 - National Acad Sciences
The neuronal circuits involved in the regulation of feeding behavior and energy expenditure
are soft-wired, reflecting the relative activity of the postsynaptic neuronal system, including …

Role of leptin in energy expenditure: the hypothalamic perspective

R Pandit, S Beerens, RAH Adan - American Journal of …, 2017 - journals.physiology.org
The adipocyte-derived hormone leptin is a peripheral signal that informs the brain about the
metabolic status of an organism. Although traditionally viewed as an appetite-suppressing …

Deorphanization of a G protein-coupled receptor for oleoylethanolamide and its use in the discovery of small-molecule hypophagic agents

HA Overton, AJ Babbs, SM Doel, MCT Fyfe… - Cell metabolism, 2006 - cell.com
The endogenous lipid signaling agent oleoylethanolamide (OEA) has recently been
described as a peripherally acting agent that reduces food intake and body weight gain in …

Describing the weight‐reduced state: physiology, behavior, and interventions

LJ Aronne, KD Hall, J M. Jakicic, RL Leibel, MR Lowe… - …, 2021 - Wiley Online Library
Although many persons with obesity can lose weight by lifestyle (diet and physical activity)
therapy, successful long‐term weight loss is difficult to achieve, and most people who lose …

Ghrelin, appetite, and gastric motility: the emerging role of the stomach as an endocrine organ

A Inui, A Asakawa, C Y. Bowers… - The FASEB …, 2004 - Wiley Online Library
Recent progress in the field of energy homeostasis was triggered by the discovery of
adipocyte hormone leptin and revealed a complex regulatory neuroendocrine network. A …