The field of psychiatry is hampered by a lack of robust, reliable and valid biomarkers that can
aid in objectively diagnosing patients and providing individualized treatment …

The neurodevelopmental and dopamine hypotheses are leading theories of the
pathoetiology of schizophrenia, but they were developed in isolation. However, since they …

The mesolimbic hypothesis has been a central dogma of schizophrenia for decades,
positing that aberrant functioning of midbrain dopamine projections to limbic regions causes …

The role of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) takes center stage among unanswered questions in
modern neuroscience. The PFC has a Janus-faced nature: it enables sophisticated cognitive …

Antipsychotic drugs are central to the treatment of schizophrenia and other psychotic
disorders but are ineffective for some patients and associated with side-effects and …

The dopamine hypothesis is the longest standing pathoetiologic theory of schizophrenia.
Because it was initially based on indirect evidence and findings in patients with established …

Bipolar affective disorder is a common neuropsychiatric disorder. Although its
neurobiological underpinnings are incompletely understood, the dopamine hypothesis has …

The stagnation in drug development for schizophrenia highlights the need for better
translation between basic and clinical research. Understanding the neurobiology of …

The glutamate and dopamine hypotheses are leading theories of the pathoaetiology of
schizophrenia. Both were initially based on indirect evidence from pharmacological studies …

Context During the past 2 decades, a major transition in the clinical characterization of
psychotic disorders has occurred. The construct of a clinical high-risk (HR) state for …