Metabolic syndrome, which includes diabetes and obesity, is one of the most widespread
medical conditions. It induces systemic inflammation, causing far reaching effects on the …

A pivotal role for excitotoxicity in neurodegenerative diseases is gaining increasingly more
acceptance, but the underlying mechanisms through which it participates in …

Deep brain stimulation via implanted electrodes can alleviate neuronal disorders. However,
its applicability is constrained by side effects resulting from the insertion of electrodes into …

Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), collectively known as
reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), are the products of normal cellular …

Chronic (neuro) inflammation plays an important role in many age-related central nervous
system (CNS) diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and vascular …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) formed by brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVEC)
regulates the passage of molecules and leukocytes in and out of the brain. Oxidative stress …

Conspectus Nitric oxide (NO) is an endogenous signaling molecule that participates in
various physiological and biological pathways associated with vasodilation, immune …

Thrombolysis with tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) is used for the treatment of
patients with acute ischemic stroke. However, a growing body of evidence indicates that …

Abstract Glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPX1) represents the first identified mammalian
selenoprotein, and our understanding in the metabolic regulation and function of this …

Current therapeutic approaches of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are symptomatic and of modest
efficacy, and there is no available effective cure or prevention of AD; hence, the need arise …