Placebo effects are beneficial effects that are attributable to the brain–mind responses to the
context in which a treatment is delivered rather than to the specific actions of the drug. They …

The nature of the transition from acute to chronic pain still eludes explanation, but chronic
pain resulting from surgery provides a natural experiment that invites clinical …

Neuropathic pain can develop after nerve injury, when deleterious changes occur in injured
neurons and along nociceptive and descending modulatory pathways in the central nervous …

Clinical pain is a serious public health issue. Treatment of pain-related suffering requires
knowledge of how pain signals are initially interpreted and subsequently transmitted and …

Glia have emerged as key contributors to pathological and chronic pain mechanisms. On
activation, both astrocytes and microglia respond to and release a number of signalling …

Hyperalgesia and allodynia are frequent symptoms of disease and may be useful
adaptations to protect vulnerable tissues. Both may, however, also emerge as diseases in …

Objective Radiographic measures of the pathologic changes of knee osteoarthritis (OA)
have shown modest associations with clinical pain. We sought to evaluate possible …

Background Chronic pain, considered to be pain lasting more than three months, is a
common and often difficult to treat condition that can significantly impact upon function and …

Background Neuropathic pain, which is due to nerve disease or damage, represents a
significant burden on people and society. It can be particularly unpleasant and achieving …

The perception of pain is subject to powerful influences. Understanding how these are
mediated at a neuroanatomical and neurobiological level provides us with valuable …