Confusion is an emotion that is likely to occur while learning complex information. This
emotion can be beneficial to learners in that it can foster engagement, leading to deeper …

Emotions play a significant part in students' learning experiences within complex
educational environments. However, the impact of emotional experiences on effective …

Mixed reality is gradually becoming ubiquitous and significant in education owning to the
inherent benefits of active participation and tacit knowledge development in a safe and …

Objective. Confusion is the primary epistemic emotion in the learning process, influencing
students' engagement and whether they become frustrated or bored. However, research on …

IoT-based multimodal learning analytics promises to obtain an in-depth understanding of the
learning process. It provides the insights for not only the explicit learning indicators but also …

Our research seeks to develop a long-lasting and high-quality engagement between the
user and the social robot, which in turn requires a more sophisticated alignment of the user …

While interest in the field of explainable agents increases, it is still an open problem to
incorporate a proactive explanation component into a real-time human–agent collaboration …

Background Spatial problem‐solving is an essential skill for success in many engineering
disciplines; thus, understanding the cognitive processes involved could help inform the …

Experiences always need to be designed with the visitor in mind. In our society, museums
hold a prominent place for human learning and experiences. Museum experiences have …

This paper presents an experimental study that analyzes learners' visual behaviour and
brain activity in clinical reasoning. An acquisition protocol was defined to record eye tracking …