Solar energetic particles, or SEPs, from suprathermal (few keV) up to relativistic (∼∼ few
GeV) energies are accelerated near the Sun in at least two ways:(1) by magnetic …

Energetic particles are accelerated in rich profusion at sites throughout the heliosphere.
They come from solar flares in the low corona, from shock waves driven outward by coronal …

Modelling the transport of cosmic rays (CRs) in the heliosphere represents a global
challenge in the field of heliophysics, in that such a study, if it were to be performed from first …

The notion that plasma shocks in astrophysical settings can and do accelerate charged
particles to high energies is not a new one. However, in recent years considerable progress …

The problem of diffusive shock acceleration of fast charged particles is reexamined with
emphasis on the rate of energy gain, and the maximum energy which can be attained in a …

This paper, a review of the present status of existing models for particle acceleration during
impulsive solar flares, was inspired by a week‐long workshop held in the Fall of 1993 at …

We review the physical processes of particle acceleration, injection, propagation, trapping,
and energy loss in solar flare conditions. An understanding of these basic physical …

Observations and physical concepts are interwoven to give basic explanations of
phenomena and also show the limitations in these explanations and identify some …

It turned out to be really a rare and happy occasion to know exactly when and how a new
branch of space physics was born, namely, a physics of solar cosmic rays. It happened on …

This two-part book is devoted to classic fundamentals and current practices and
perspectives of modern plasma astrophysics. This first part uniquely covers all the basic …