Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disorder that has a broad
spectrum of effects on the majority of organs, including the kidneys. Approximately 40–70 …

The innate immune system deploys a variety of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) which
include Toll-like receptors (TLRs), RIG-I-like receptors, NOD-like receptors, and C-type lectin …

Autoimmune diseases are a family of chronic systemic inflammatory disorders, characterized
by the dysregulation of the immune system which finally results in the break of tolerance to …

The mechanisms leading to autoimmune diseases remain largely unknown despite
numerous lines of experimental inquiry and epidemiological evidence. The growing number …

Autophagy is now emerging as a spotlight in trafficking events that activate innate and
adaptive immunity. It facilitates innate pathogen detection and antigen presentation, as well …

Increasing evidence supports a role for the environment in the development of autoimmune
diseases, as reviewed in the accompanying three papers from the National Institute of …

Invasion of pathogenic microorganisms or tissue damage activates innate immune signaling
receptors that sample subcellular locations for foreign molecular structures, altered host …

Autophagy, or self-eating, is an evolutionarily conserved process in which cytosol and
organelles are sequestered within double-membrane vesicles that deliver the contents to …

Objective The aim of this study was to determine whether polymorphisms of the Toll-like
receptor (TLR) genes are associated with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by
multiple system involvement and positive serum autoantibodies. Lupus nephritis (LN) is the …