Abstract Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is recently emerging not only as a stress-
related mitokine, but also as a key player in the aging process, being one of the most up …

Empirical evidence for declines in fitness components (survival and reproductive
performance) with age has recently accumulated in wild populations, highlighting that the …

Many studies in humans have shown that adverse experience in early life is associated with
accelerated reproductive timing, and there is comparative evidence for similar effects in …

ABSTRACT A common, long‐held belief is that metabolic rate drives the rates of various
biological, ecological and evolutionary processes. Although this metabolic pacemaker view …

At present, there may be over 210,000 people with Down syndrome (DS) over the age of 55
in the United States (US) who have significant needs for augmented services due to …

According to recent empirical studies, reproductive senescence, the decline in reproductive
success with increasing age, seems to be nearly ubiquitous in the wild. However, a clear …

Physiologists often assume that mitochondria are the main producers of reactive oxygen
species (ROS) in cells. Consequently, in biomedicine, mitochondria are considered as …

Life‐history theory concerns the trade‐offs that mold the patterns of investment by animals
between reproduction, growth, and survival. It is widely recognized that physiology plays a …

Bats live longer than similar-sized mammals, but the number of lineages that have
independently evolved extreme longevity has not previously been determined. Here we …

The idea that oxidative stress may underpin life history trade‐offs has become extremely
popular. However, experimental support for the concept has proved equivocal. It has …