The finite element method (FEM) is widely used in many engineering applications. The
popularity of FEM led to the development of several variants of formulations, and hexahedral …

In this paper, the penalty unsymmetric finite element framework for the consistent couple
stress theory is derived from the virtual work principle. The C 1 continuity requirement is …

Strain gradient theory is one of the most powerful candidates to simulate micro/nano-sized
structures considering size effect. However, too many degrees of freedom (DOFs) have been …

Within the modified couple stress elasticity, a novel nonconforming 3-node triangular plate
element is derived from the d'Alembert–Lagrange principle for simulating the size …

In this paper, a mixed tetrahedral element based on the Lagrange multiplier is newly
developed for the modified couple stress theory. The limitations of the Lagrange multiplier …

This work proposes a penalty 20‐node hexahedral element for size‐dependent
electromechanical analysis based on the consistent couple stress theory. The nodal rotation …

In this work, a new displacement-based Trefftz plate element is developed for size-
dependent bending analysis of the thin plate structures in the context of the modified couple …

The functionally graded (FG) flexoelectric material is a potential material to determine the
structural morphing of aircrafts. This work proposes the penalty 20-node element based on …

It is aimed to propose a new triangular plane finite element to improve the accuracy and
reduce the computational effort for analysis of plane structures. The suggested element is …

The work proposes an efficient quadratic hexahedral solid element for size-dependent static
and dynamic analyses of porous multi-directional functionally graded materials within the …