Abstract Background and Objective: The automatic assessment of pain is vital in designing
optimal pain management interventions focused on reducing suffering and preventing the …

Objectives: To conduct a systematic search and synthesis of evidence about the
measurement properties of the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and the Visual Analog …

Abstract Background Context Modic changes (MC) are bone marrow lesions on magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI), suggestive of being associated with low back pain (LBP). Data on …

Background The Latarjet and iliac crest bone graft transfer (ICBGT) procedures are
competing treatment options for anterior shoulder instability with glenoid bone loss. Methods …

Prior research supports the validity and short-term test–retest stability of 4 commonly used
scales for assessing pain intensity (Visual Analogue Scale [VAS], 6-point Verbal Rating …

Background: Little is known regarding juvenile disc degeneration in individuals with normal
spinal alignment. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence …

Aims Psychological factors play a critical role in patient presentation, satisfaction, and
outcomes. Pain catastrophizing, anxiety, and depression are important to consider, as they …

Spinal disorders are among the most common medical conditions, having a significant
impact on health-related quality of life, use of health care resources and socioeconomic …

Aim: The aim was to assess the performance of the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) in patients
recruited in a clinical trial with over the counter analgesics in headache. Methods: The …

Pain is a multidimensional experience that is a prominent feature of many musculoskeletal
disorders. Despite its subjective nature, pain is a highly relevant complaint; hence, nothing …