Macrophages exist in various tissues, several body cavities, and around mucosal surfaces
and are a vital part of the innate immune system for host defense against many pathogens …

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a coenzyme for redox reactions, making it
central to energy metabolism. NAD+ is also an essential cofactor for non-redox NAD+ …

Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a global pandemic for more
than 2 years and it still impacts our daily lifestyle and quality in unprecedented ways. A …

An inflammatory microenvironment, either conferred by an underlying chronic overt or
smoldering inflammatory condition constitutes a prerequisite and fuel to essentially all …

Remarkable progress in ageing research has been achieved over the past decades.
General perceptions and experimental evidence pinpoint that the decline of physical …

Old individuals are more susceptible to various infections due to immunological changes
that occur during the aging process. These changes named collectively as …

Human aging is a multifactorial phenomenon that affects numerous organ systems and
cellular processes, with the immune system being one of the most dysregulated …

CD38 (Cluster of Differentiation 38) is a multifunctional ecto-enzyme that metabolizes NAD+
and mediates nicotinamide dinucleotide (NAD+) and extracellular nucleotide homeostasis …

Background Prophylactic pinning of the uninvolved side after unilateral slipped capital
femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is controversial. The alpha angle, a measurement of femoral head …

Aging is associated with the development of disease. Periodontal disease is one of the
many diseases and conditions that increase in prevalence with age. In addition to the …