Changing El Niño–Southern oscillation in a warming climate

W Cai, A Santoso, M Collins, B Dewitte… - Nature Reviews Earth & …, 2021 - nature.com
Originating in the equatorial Pacific, the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has highly
consequential global impacts, motivating the need to understand its responses to …

Tropical teleconnection impacts on Antarctic climate changes

X Li, W Cai, GA Meehl, D Chen, X Yuan… - Nature Reviews Earth & …, 2021 - nature.com
Over the modern satellite era, substantial climatic changes have been observed in the
Antarctic, including atmospheric and oceanic warming, ice sheet thinning and a general …

Impacts of 1.5 C global warming on natural and human systems

O Hoegh Guldberg, D Jacob, M Taylor, M Bindi… - 2018 - ri.conicet.gov.ar
This Report responds to the invitation for IPCC?... to provide a Special Report in 2018 on the
impacts of global warming of 1.5° C above pre-industrial levels and related global …

El Niño–southern oscillation complexity

A Timmermann, SI An, JS Kug, FF Jin, W Cai… - Nature, 2018 - nature.com
El Niño events are characterized by surface warming of the tropical Pacific Ocean and
weakening of equatorial trade winds that occur every few years. Such conditions are …

Increased variability of eastern Pacific El Niño under greenhouse warming

W Cai, G Wang, B Dewitte, L Wu, A Santoso… - Nature, 2018 - nature.com
Abstract The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the dominant and most consequential
climate variation on Earth, and is characterized by warming of equatorial Pacific sea surface …

The defining characteristics of ENSO extremes and the strong 2015/2016 El Niño

A Santoso, MJ Mcphaden, W Cai - Reviews of Geophysics, 2017 - Wiley Online Library
The year 2015 was special for climate scientists, particularly for the El Niño Southern
Oscillation (ENSO) research community, as a major El Niño finally materialized after a long …

Zonally contrasting shifts of the tropical rain belt in response to climate change

A Mamalakis, JT Randerson, JY Yu, MS Pritchard… - Nature climate …, 2021 - nature.com
Future changes in the position of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ; a narrow band of
heavy precipitation in the tropics) with climate change could affect the livelihood and food …

Anthropogenic impacts on twentieth-century ENSO variability changes

W Cai, B Ng, T Geng, F Jia, L Wu, G Wang… - Nature Reviews Earth & …, 2023 - nature.com
Abstract El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) sea surface temperature (SST) variability
increased after 1960, influenced by more frequent strong El Niño and La Niña events …

ENSO and greenhouse warming

W Cai, A Santoso, G Wang, SW Yeh, SI An… - Nature Climate …, 2015 - nature.com
Abstract The El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the dominant climate phenomenon
affecting extreme weather conditions worldwide. Its response to greenhouse warming has …

Increasing frequency of extreme El Niño events due to greenhouse warming

W Cai, S Borlace, M Lengaigne, P Van Rensch… - Nature climate …, 2014 - nature.com
El Niño events are a prominent feature of climate variability with global climatic impacts. The
1997/98 episode, often referred to as 'the climate event of the twentieth century',, and the …