The adverse effects of hostile marine environment on concrete structure have inevitably
resulted in huge economic loss and may contribute to catastrophic failure. Concrete is …

External sulfate attack (ESA) of cementitious materials has been studied worldwide for a
very long time. This physical/chemical interaction between sulfate ions and the cement …

Drying–wetting cycle accelerate the deterioration of concrete in aqueous sulfate
environment, but their regime is not well-established. This study investigates the effect of dry …

When coupled with drying–wetting cycles, the deterioration process of concrete subjected to
external sulfate attack (ESA) is significantly accelerated. The impact of moisture variations …

Monitoring the condition of building structures based on composite materials in aggressive
environments shows that the deterioration of basic properties occurs under the influence of …

We formulate a time-dependent damage theory for rocks subjected to mechanical
deformation and solid dissolution. The constitutive description is inspired by the transition …

In order to further explore the transport mechanism of sulfate in concrete under the alternate
dry-wet environment, it is imperative to establish a multi-scale analysis method combining …

Recycling construction and demolition wastes (C&DW) and industrial by-products as
construction materials is an effective way to solve the serious environmental problems …

Concrete deterioration caused by external sulfate attack (ESA) is a macro-microscopically
interactive expansion process, including two stages, namely a dormant period and …

The use of seawater as mixing water for concrete production is one of the most efficient
strategies to solve freshwater shortage problems. The purpose of this paper is to investigate …